Tool.



E. T. SAVAGE.

TOOL.

APPLICATION FILED JAN.22. 1908.

Patented 0013. 19, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEETI W8 in wow ERNEST T. SAVAGE, 0F BATH, MAINE.

TOOL.

Application filed January 22, 1998.

To cZZ iii/tom it may concern.

lie it known thatl, ERNEST T. SAVAGE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Bath, in the county of Sagadahoc and State of liiaine, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Tools; and I do declare the following to be a. full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it a ppertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon, which form a. part of this specification.

This invention relates to a tool having for its primary object the laying off of nuts with. any number of flats or faces in such manner that the time required for this operation is materially reduced and nuts are produced in which the flats or faces are absolutely equal and in which the distance across tle nut from one fiat face to the other is uniform.

lVith this object in view the invention consists in the novel construction of the tool, and particularly in the relation between the centering head and the scale square, as will be first fully described and afterward specifically pointed out in the appended claim.

Referring to the accompanying drawing:

Figure 1 is an elevation showing this in vention in an operative position. Fig. 2 is an edge elevation of the same. Fig. 3 is a plan view showing the tool in position for laying off a hex. nut, and Fig. 4 is a plan view illustrating the position of the tool when employing the same as a centering tool. Fig. 5 is a transverse sectional view taken through the centering head and square.

Like numerals of reference indicate the same parts throughout the several figures in which:

1 indicates the centering head and 2 is the square. Said centering head is provided with a slot 3 through which the square passes, and a suit-able nut 4: is provided on the centering head to secure the centering head. I provide a groove 5 in the arms (5 and 7 of the square, said groove 5 being shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1. A suitable guide, as shown. in Fig. 5, within the centering head enters the groove 5 as will be clearly understood.

Upon the square 2 I provide a scale or graduations which are indicated in the drawing by reference letters A and B, said scale Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Get. 19, 1915.

Serial No. 412,136.

progressing toward the ends of each of the arms. The scale B which may be termed an ndex is marked to indicate distances across flats of nuts of different sizes which distance is the distance across the nut from one flat face to its opposite flat face. The scale A which may be termed an index indicates the pitch diameter of the round stock necessary for producing a given size nut. As the stock for producing a nut must be of greater diameter than distance across the flats of the nut, it is of utmost importance in the production of a given size nut that the round stock be of proper size, or in other words have the proper pitch diameter, for if this pitch diameter be too small the corners of the nut formed by its faces will not be sharp, while if the pitch diameter of the stock is too large the lines of the faces such as is indicated in Fig. 3 will intersect each other at points within the circumference of the round stock and not at the actual circumference of the stock, as is properly shown in said figure.

Certain tables or indices are provided for pattern makers and the like, which indicate the necessary pitch diameter of the stock for producing a given size nut of a given number of faces, as for instance, a hex. nut of two inches across its flats will require stock of 2 pitch diameter. The usual method of producing such a nut is to turn the stock to 2% diameter and with a pair of dividers step off and spot the circumference into six equal parts, and then by means of a straight-edge connect the spots and scribe connecting lines so as to form the flat faces of the nut. This as will be an preciated is a troublesome procedure. and is far from accurate, owing to the liability of the straight-edge slipping, which of course results in an improperly scribed line and a consequent improper face.

in the drawings Figs. 1 and 3 show on the scales or indices A and 13 certain pitch diameters of stock and certain distances from one flat face to the other flat face of nuts requiring the pitch diameters, as indicated in the drawings, the markings on the scales or indices A and B on Fig. 1 being for square nuts, while the markings on Fig. 3 being for heX. nuts. For example the marking 25,? on Fig. 1 indicates the proper setting of the centering head to produce a square nut of ll-fi distance from one fiat face to the opposite flat face, while in Fig. 3

the centering head is shown at the marking 22- which is the proper position thereof to make a hex. nut of 2% from one flat face to the opposite flat face, while in order to produce a hex. nut of 2% from one fiat face to the opposite flat face the centering head would be moved on the square to coincide with the marking 3 and 2% showing that the proper pitch diameter for a nut 25; across flats would be 3".

lVith this tool the distances across flats of usual nuts are indicated on the scale or index B, while the pitch diameters of stock necessary to produce the nuts indicated on the scale or, index B are indicated on the scale or index A. This scale or index B on one arm of the square must therefore bear a certain definite relation to the outer edge of the other arm of the square, so that when a piece of stock has been turned to the proper pitch diameter which is indicated on the scale orindex A for producing a given size nut indicated on the scale orindex B, the centering head 1 is moved along the square until'the bottom edge of the same coincides with the mark on the scale or index B corresponding with the nut to be produced. When the centering head 1 is thus set on the scale or index B, the same is in proper relative position with relation to the outer edge of the opposite square arm, so that when the jaws of the centering head receive the stock as indicated for instance in Fig. 3, the said outer edge of the said square arm is exactly in line with one face of the nut to be pro duced. The stock therefore being in this position it'is only necessary to scribe the same along the outer edge of the said square arm, to indicate thereon one of the flats of the nut to be produced. The stock is then rotated in the jaws of the centering head until each of the flats have been scribed thereon along the outer edge of the said square arm, and in this manner the flats or faces of the nut are quickly and accurately scribed on the stock in a manner which is quite impossible by the use of dividers and a straight-edge.

As the tables or indices for all usual sizes of stock for producing all nuts of usual sizes are of common knowledge, it is very evident that the scale or index A can contain the proper indications for the pitch diameters of square nuts, hex. nuts, octagon nuts and so on, and the scale or index B can contain the proper indications of the distance across flats for said square, hex. and octagon nuts of ditlerent To produce a nut of given size or distance across flats. the scale or index A is referred to which indicates the proper pitch diameter for such a nut, and after the stock is turned to the proper diameter the scale or index B is referred to. which shows on its markings an indication of the desired nut. By moving the centering head 1 to said mark on the scale B, the jaws of the centering head are then in proper relation to the outer edge of the other square a rm to be in line with one face of the nut to be produced in the manner as shown for instance in Fig. and the stock is then scribed as heretofore set forth. It will therefore be apparent from an inspection of the accompanying drawings taken in connection with this specification that this invention consists primarily in the arrangement of the square and the centering head and in the a rrangement of the scales on the square which causes the centering head to bear a certain relation to the outer edge of the arm ('3 so that nuts of different sizes and of different numbers of faces can be laid off quickly and accurately.

Having thus fully described the invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is z- A tool for laying off nuts including a twoarmed square having on one arm a scale or index A upon which is marked pitch diameters of stock for the production of nuts. and a scale or index B on which is marked the distances across flats of nuts whose pitch diameters are indicated on the scale A, a centering head having jaws adapted to slide on the said arm containing the said scales or indices, the markings on the said scale or index B being arranged thereon in definite relation to the outer ed e of the other square arm, in such manner that a piece of stock turned to a proper pitch diameter as indicated on the scale or index A when placed in the said jaws of the centering head and the latter set on the proper indication on the scale or index B can be scribed along the said outer edge of said other square arm to indicate on said stock one flat face of the nut to be produced.

In testimony whereof, I ail-ix my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

ERNEST T. SAVAGE.

\Vitnesses 2 L. B. HODGKINS, S. H. DUNCAN.

Copies of this patent may be obtained. for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents. Washington, D. 0." 

